Abstract
Suaeda salsa is a pioneer species in coastal wetlands of East Asia and recently an ecosystem engineer species, Phragmites australis, has started to enter into S. salsa communities owing to either autogenic or external drivers. The consequences of this phenomenon on the ecosystem functions of coastal wetlands are still unclear, especially for decomposition processes. Here we compared the decomposition rate of S. salsa litter, and associated litter chemistry dynamics, between sites with and without P. australis encroachment. We conducted a litter transplantation experiment to tease apart the effects of litter quality and decomposing environment or decomposer community composition. Our results showed that P. australis encroachment led to higher carbon and phosphorus losses of S. salsa litter, but equal losses of total mass, lignin, hemicellulose and nitrogen. Phragmites australis encroachment might affect decomposition rate indirectly by making S. salsa produce litter with higher lignin concentrations or via increasing the fungal diversity for decomposition. Moreover, P. australis as an ecosystem engineer might also alter the allocation of total phosphorus between the plants and the soils in coastal wetlands. Our findings indicate that P. australis could impact aboveground and belowground carbon and nutrient dynamics in coastal wetlands, and highlight the important consequences that encroaching plant species, especially ecosystem engineers, can have on ecosystem functions and services of coastal wetlands, not only in East Asia but probably also elsewhere in the world.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 133477 |
Pages (from-to) | 1-8 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Science of the Total Environment |
Volume | 693 |
Early online date | 18 Jul 2019 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 25 Nov 2019 |
Funding
This work was funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China ( 2017YFC0506200 ), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation ( 2015M571161 ). J.H.C.C. received support from the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW, Chinese Exchange Programme grant 12CDP007) for research exchange travels to China. We thank the Liaohe Estuary National Nature Reserve for the research permit and thank Jing Li and Xiufang Xie for the manuscript preparation. Many thanks to Ye Liu, Baodi Sun, Kai Li and Xiaoquan Na for the field assistant. We also thank the anonymous referees for constructive comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Appendix A
Funders | Funder number |
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Liaohe Estuary National Nature Reserve | |
Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen | 12CDP007 |
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation | 2015M571161 |
National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) | 2017YFC0506200 |
Keywords
- Aboveground and belowground processes
- Carbon and nutrient cycling
- Ecosystem engineer
- Litter decomposition
- Plant encroachment
- Salt marsh