Pigmentation techniques of a 4YSZ: Effect on the fatigue mechanical behavior of a 4YSZ adhesively luted onto dentin analog

Luiza Freitas Brum Souza; Lucas Saldanha da Rosa; Valentina Soares Menna Barreto; Vinícius Fogliato Ribeiro; Sara Fraga; Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan; Luiz Felipe Valandro; Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.017

Pigmentation techniques of a 4YSZ: Effect on the fatigue mechanical behavior of a 4YSZ adhesively luted onto dentin analog

Luiza Freitas Brum Souza
, Lucas Saldanha da Rosa
, Valentina Soares Menna Barreto
, Vinícius Fogliato Ribeiro
, Sara Fraga
, Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan
, Luiz Felipe Valandro
, Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Dental Material Sciences

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Objective: To characterize the effect of pigmentation techniques on the fatigue behavior of a 4YSZ ceramic adhesively luted onto dentin analog (glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin). Methods: 4YSZ ceramic discs (Ø= 10 mm, 1 mm thickness) were allocated into 5 groups: Ctrl – unshaded (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT BL); Manuf – shaded by the manufacturer (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT A2); Brush – unshaded pigmented, pre-sintering, using a brush; Stain – unshaded pigmented, post-sintering, during glaze application; Brush+Stain – combination of both techniques. Color assessments ensured the same perceived color (Vita Classical A2). Dentin analog discs (Ø= 10 mm, 2.5 mm thickness) were obtained, paired with the 4YSZ discs, and adhesively luted using a resin cement. Cyclic fatigue testing (n = 15) was run (20 Hz; 10,000 cycles/step, initial load 200 N; step-size 100 N up to 700 N; then 50 N until specimen failure). Fractographic, roughness and topography analyses were performed. Results: No statistical (p > 0.05) detrimental influence were observed for fatigue outcomes (Ctrl = Manuf = Brush = Stain = Brush+Stain). However, the Brush+Stain technique induced inferior statistical (p < 0.05) fatigue performance compared to Stain. All failures were radial cracks with origin at the ceramic intaglio surface. The staining technique triggered statistically higher roughness (p < 0.05). Uniformly sized zirconia crystals were seen in the Ctrl, Manuf and Brush groups, and a smooth vitreous surface with encrusted pigments in the Stain and Brush+Stain groups. Significance: Pigmentation techniques (Vita Classical A2 shade) have no detrimental effect on the mechanical fatigue properties of 4YSZ ceramic adhesively luted onto dentin analog.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2003-2013
Number of pages	11
Journal	Dental Materials
Volume	38
Issue number	12
Early online date	21 Nov 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.017
Publication status	Published - Dec 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors emphasize that this study was partly financed by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) (Finance code 001 ), by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and by the Foundation to Research Support of the Rio Grande do Sul State (FAPERGS PqG 05/2019 – #19/2551-0001798-7 ). We thank our colleague Gratcheva Falcão Chiapinotto for her assistance in conducting the study; and Ivoclar for donating some of the materials used herein. Finally, we emphasize that those institutions had no role in the study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish or in preparing the manuscript.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Inc.

Funding

The authors emphasize that this study was partly financed by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) (Finance code 001 ), by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and by the Foundation to Research Support of the Rio Grande do Sul State (FAPERGS PqG 05/2019 – #19/2551-0001798-7 ). We thank our colleague Gratcheva Falcão Chiapinotto for her assistance in conducting the study; and Ivoclar for donating some of the materials used herein. Finally, we emphasize that those institutions had no role in the study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish or in preparing the manuscript.

Keywords

Fatigue
Pigmentation techniques
Shading
Staining
Yttrium stabilized zirconia

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10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.017

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Cite this

@article{318a037c02e24bfa95465ce2d4973cb9,

title = "Pigmentation techniques of a 4YSZ: Effect on the fatigue mechanical behavior of a 4YSZ adhesively luted onto dentin analog",

abstract = "Objective: To characterize the effect of pigmentation techniques on the fatigue behavior of a 4YSZ ceramic adhesively luted onto dentin analog (glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin). Methods: 4YSZ ceramic discs ({\O}= 10 mm, 1 mm thickness) were allocated into 5 groups: Ctrl – unshaded (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT BL); Manuf – shaded by the manufacturer (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT A2); Brush – unshaded pigmented, pre-sintering, using a brush; Stain – unshaded pigmented, post-sintering, during glaze application; Brush+Stain – combination of both techniques. Color assessments ensured the same perceived color (Vita Classical A2). Dentin analog discs ({\O}= 10 mm, 2.5 mm thickness) were obtained, paired with the 4YSZ discs, and adhesively luted using a resin cement. Cyclic fatigue testing (n = 15) was run (20 Hz; 10,000 cycles/step, initial load 200 N; step-size 100 N up to 700 N; then 50 N until specimen failure). Fractographic, roughness and topography analyses were performed. Results: No statistical (p > 0.05) detrimental influence were observed for fatigue outcomes (Ctrl = Manuf = Brush = Stain = Brush+Stain). However, the Brush+Stain technique induced inferior statistical (p < 0.05) fatigue performance compared to Stain. All failures were radial cracks with origin at the ceramic intaglio surface. The staining technique triggered statistically higher roughness (p < 0.05). Uniformly sized zirconia crystals were seen in the Ctrl, Manuf and Brush groups, and a smooth vitreous surface with encrusted pigments in the Stain and Brush+Stain groups. Significance: Pigmentation techniques (Vita Classical A2 shade) have no detrimental effect on the mechanical fatigue properties of 4YSZ ceramic adhesively luted onto dentin analog.",

keywords = "Fatigue, Pigmentation techniques, Shading, Staining, Yttrium stabilized zirconia",

author = "Souza, \{Luiza Freitas Brum\} and \{da Rosa\}, \{Lucas Saldanha\} and \{Menna Barreto\}, \{Valentina Soares\} and Ribeiro, \{Vin{\'i}cius Fogliato\} and Sara Fraga and Kleverlaan, \{Cornelis Johannes\} and Valandro, \{Luiz Felipe\} and Pereira, \{Gabriel Kalil Rocha\}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors emphasize that this study was partly financed by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) (Finance code 001 ), by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and by the Foundation to Research Support of the Rio Grande do Sul State (FAPERGS PqG 05/2019 – \#19/2551-0001798-7 ). We thank our colleague Gratcheva Falc{\~a}o Chiapinotto for her assistance in conducting the study; and Ivoclar for donating some of the materials used herein. Finally, we emphasize that those institutions had no role in the study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish or in preparing the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2022",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.017",

language = "English",

volume = "38",

pages = "2003--2013",

journal = "Dental Materials",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Pigmentation techniques of a 4YSZ

T2 - Effect on the fatigue mechanical behavior of a 4YSZ adhesively luted onto dentin analog

AU - Souza, Luiza Freitas Brum

AU - da Rosa, Lucas Saldanha

AU - Menna Barreto, Valentina Soares

AU - Ribeiro, Vinícius Fogliato

AU - Fraga, Sara

AU - Kleverlaan, Cornelis Johannes

AU - Valandro, Luiz Felipe

AU - Pereira, Gabriel Kalil Rocha

N1 - Funding Information: The authors emphasize that this study was partly financed by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) (Finance code 001 ), by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and by the Foundation to Research Support of the Rio Grande do Sul State (FAPERGS PqG 05/2019 – #19/2551-0001798-7 ). We thank our colleague Gratcheva Falcão Chiapinotto for her assistance in conducting the study; and Ivoclar for donating some of the materials used herein. Finally, we emphasize that those institutions had no role in the study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish or in preparing the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier Inc.

PY - 2022/12

Y1 - 2022/12

N2 - Objective: To characterize the effect of pigmentation techniques on the fatigue behavior of a 4YSZ ceramic adhesively luted onto dentin analog (glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin). Methods: 4YSZ ceramic discs (Ø= 10 mm, 1 mm thickness) were allocated into 5 groups: Ctrl – unshaded (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT BL); Manuf – shaded by the manufacturer (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT A2); Brush – unshaded pigmented, pre-sintering, using a brush; Stain – unshaded pigmented, post-sintering, during glaze application; Brush+Stain – combination of both techniques. Color assessments ensured the same perceived color (Vita Classical A2). Dentin analog discs (Ø= 10 mm, 2.5 mm thickness) were obtained, paired with the 4YSZ discs, and adhesively luted using a resin cement. Cyclic fatigue testing (n = 15) was run (20 Hz; 10,000 cycles/step, initial load 200 N; step-size 100 N up to 700 N; then 50 N until specimen failure). Fractographic, roughness and topography analyses were performed. Results: No statistical (p > 0.05) detrimental influence were observed for fatigue outcomes (Ctrl = Manuf = Brush = Stain = Brush+Stain). However, the Brush+Stain technique induced inferior statistical (p < 0.05) fatigue performance compared to Stain. All failures were radial cracks with origin at the ceramic intaglio surface. The staining technique triggered statistically higher roughness (p < 0.05). Uniformly sized zirconia crystals were seen in the Ctrl, Manuf and Brush groups, and a smooth vitreous surface with encrusted pigments in the Stain and Brush+Stain groups. Significance: Pigmentation techniques (Vita Classical A2 shade) have no detrimental effect on the mechanical fatigue properties of 4YSZ ceramic adhesively luted onto dentin analog.

AB - Objective: To characterize the effect of pigmentation techniques on the fatigue behavior of a 4YSZ ceramic adhesively luted onto dentin analog (glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin). Methods: 4YSZ ceramic discs (Ø= 10 mm, 1 mm thickness) were allocated into 5 groups: Ctrl – unshaded (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT BL); Manuf – shaded by the manufacturer (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT A2); Brush – unshaded pigmented, pre-sintering, using a brush; Stain – unshaded pigmented, post-sintering, during glaze application; Brush+Stain – combination of both techniques. Color assessments ensured the same perceived color (Vita Classical A2). Dentin analog discs (Ø= 10 mm, 2.5 mm thickness) were obtained, paired with the 4YSZ discs, and adhesively luted using a resin cement. Cyclic fatigue testing (n = 15) was run (20 Hz; 10,000 cycles/step, initial load 200 N; step-size 100 N up to 700 N; then 50 N until specimen failure). Fractographic, roughness and topography analyses were performed. Results: No statistical (p > 0.05) detrimental influence were observed for fatigue outcomes (Ctrl = Manuf = Brush = Stain = Brush+Stain). However, the Brush+Stain technique induced inferior statistical (p < 0.05) fatigue performance compared to Stain. All failures were radial cracks with origin at the ceramic intaglio surface. The staining technique triggered statistically higher roughness (p < 0.05). Uniformly sized zirconia crystals were seen in the Ctrl, Manuf and Brush groups, and a smooth vitreous surface with encrusted pigments in the Stain and Brush+Stain groups. Significance: Pigmentation techniques (Vita Classical A2 shade) have no detrimental effect on the mechanical fatigue properties of 4YSZ ceramic adhesively luted onto dentin analog.

KW - Fatigue

KW - Pigmentation techniques

KW - Shading

KW - Staining

KW - Yttrium stabilized zirconia

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85143379927

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85143379927#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.017

DO - 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.017

M3 - Article

C2 - 36424207

AN - SCOPUS:85143379927

SN - 0109-5641

VL - 38

SP - 2003

EP - 2013

JO - Dental Materials

JF - Dental Materials

IS - 12

ER -

Pigmentation techniques of a 4YSZ: Effect on the fatigue mechanical behavior of a 4YSZ adhesively luted onto dentin analog

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

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