Polymerization shrinkage, hygroscopic expansion, elastic modulus and degree of conversion of different composites for dental application

Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges, Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva, Sabrina Elise Moecke, Raquel Coutinho de Morais, João Paulo Mendes Tribst*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to JournalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Objectives: To characterize the mechanical properties of different resin-composites for dental application. Methods: Thirteen universal dentin shade composites (n = 10) from different manufacturers were evaluated (4 Seasons, Grandio, Venus, Amelogen Plus, P90, Z350, Esthet-X, Amaris, Vita-l-escence, Natural-Look, Charisma, Z250 and Opallis). The polymerization shrinkage percentage was calculated using a video-image recording device (ACUVOL—Bisco Dental) and the hygroscopic expansion was measured after thermocycling aging in the same equipment. Equal volumes of material were used and, after 5 min of relaxation, baseline measurements were calculated with 18 J of energy delivered from the light-curing unit. Specimens were stored in a dry-dark environment for 24 h then thermocycled in distilled water (5–55C for 20,000 cycles) with volume measurement at each 5000 cycles. In addition, the pulse-excitatory method was applied to calculate the elastic modulus and Poisson ratio for each resin material and the degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results: The ANOVA showed that all composite volumes were influenced by the number of cycles (α = 0.05). Volumes at 5 min post-polymerization (12.47 ± 0.08 cm3) were significantly lower than those at baseline (12.80 ± 0.09 cm3). With regard to the impact of aging, all resin materials showed a statistically significant increase in volume after 5000 cycles (13.04 ± 0.22 cm3). There was no statistical difference between volumes measured at the other cycle steps. The elastic modulus ranged from 22.15 to 10.06 GPa and the Poisson ratio from 0.54 to 0.22 with a significant difference between the evaluated materials (α = 0.05). The degree of conversion was higher than 60% for all evaluated resin composites.

Original languageEnglish
Article number322
Pages (from-to)1-18
Number of pages18
JournalJournal of Composites Science
Volume5
Issue number12
Early online date10 Dec 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2021

Bibliographical note

Special Issue: Composites: Biomaterials in Dental Fields, Volume II.

Funding Information:
S?o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) supported this study with the grant n? 2010/51749-3 and National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) with the grant n? 201980/2011-8.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Funding

S?o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) supported this study with the grant n? 2010/51749-3 and National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) with the grant n? 201980/2011-8.

Keywords

  • Composite dental resin
  • Dental materials
  • Polymerization
  • Video recording

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