Predation on Live and Artificial Insect Prey Shows Different Global Latitudinal Patterns

Elena L Zvereva*, Benjamin Adroit, Tommi Andersson, Craig R  A Barnett, Sofia Branco, Bastien Castagneyrol, Giancarlo Maria Chiarenza, Wesley Dáttilo, Ek del-Val, Jan Filip, Jory Griffith, Anna L Hargreaves, Juan Antonio Hernández-Agüero, Isabelle L  H Silva, Yixuan Hong, Gabriella Kietzka, Petr Klimeš, Max Koistinen, Oksana Y Kruglova, Satu KumpulaPaula Lopezosa, Marti March-Salas, Robert J Marquis, Yuri M Marusik, Angela T Moles, Anne Muola, Mercy Murkwe, Akihiro Nakamura, Cameron Olson, Emilio Pagani-Núñez, Anna Popova, Olivia Rahn, Alexey Reshchikov, Antonio Rodriguez-Campbell, Seppo Rytkönen, Katerina Sam, Antigoni Sounapoglou, Robert Tropek, Cheng Wenda, Guorui Xu, Yu Zeng, Maxim Zolotarev, Natalia A Zubrii, Vitali Zverev, Mikhail V Kozlov

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to JournalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Aim: Long-standing theory predicts that the intensity of biotic interactions increases from high to low latitudes. Studies addressing geographic variation in predation on insect prey have often relied on prey models, which lack many characteristics of live prey. Our goals were to explore global latitudinal patterns of predator attack rates on standardised live insect prey and to compare the patterns in predation on live insects with those on plasticine prey models. Location: Global forested areas. Time Period: 2021–2023. Major Taxa: Arthropods, birds. Methods: We measured predation rates in 43 forested locations distributed across five continents from 34.1° S to 69.5° N latitude. At each location, we exposed 20 sets of three bait types, one set per tree. Each set included three live fly larvae (maggots), three live fly puparia and three plasticine models of the puparia. We used glue rings to isolate half of the sets from non-flying predators. Results: Arthropod attack rates on plasticine prey decreased linearly from low to high latitudes, whereas attack rates on maggots had a U shaped distribution, with the lowest predation rates at temperate latitudes and the highest rates at tropical and boreal latitudes. This difference emerged from intensive predator attacks on live maggots, but not on plasticine models, in boreal sites. Site-specific attack rates of arthropod predators on live and plasticine prey were not correlated. In contrast, bird attack rates on live maggots and plasticine models were positively correlated, but did not show significant latitudinal changes. Main Conclusions: Latitudinal patterns in predation differ between major groups of predators and between types of prey. Poleward decreases in both arthropod and combined arthropod and bird predation on plasticine models do not mirror patterns of predation on our live prey, the latter likely reflecting real patterns of predation risk better than do patterns of attack on artificial prey.

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere13899
Pages (from-to)1-11
Number of pages11
JournalGlobal Ecology and Biogeography
Volume33
Issue number11
Early online date16 Aug 2024
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s). Global Ecology and Biogeography published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords

  • ants
  • arthropod predation
  • bird predation
  • forests
  • latitudinal pattern
  • live standardised prey
  • maggots
  • plasticine prey models
  • predation risk

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