Abstract
The World Health Organization identified men as an essential group to target with HIV testing and treatment strategies;: men who have sex with men (MSM) and male clients of female sex workers (CFSW) account for 35% of new HIV infections globally. Using a cross-sectional design from a community-based HIV prevention project in Tanzania (October 2015–September 2018) and multivariable logistic regression, we identified predictors of HIV seropositivity among men. Of 1,041,343 men on their initial visit to the project, 36,905 (3.5%) were MSM; 567,005 (54.5%) were CFSW; and 437,343 (42.0%) were other men living near hotspots (OMHA). Three predictors of HIV seropositivity emerged across all three groups: being uncircumcised, having sexually transmitted infection symptoms, and harmful drinking of alcohol before sex. Any reported form of gender-based violence among MSM and OMHA and inconsistent condom use among CFSW were associated with HIV seropositivity. These findings may inform community HIV strategies like self-testing, delivery of pre-exposure prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy, and behavioral change communication targeting men at higher risk of infection.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 3185-3198 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | AIDS and Behavior |
| Volume | 26 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| Early online date | 1 Apr 2022 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Oct 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This analysis used secondary data from a cross-sectional study nested within a large-scale community-based HIV prevention program, called the Sauti Project [, , ], funded by the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief/U.S. Agency for International Development, to reach vulnerable and high-risk populations in Tanzania. Jhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, implemented the Sauti Project with its partners EngenderHealth, Inc.; Pact, Inc.; and the National Institute for Medical Research. The project delivered services in 14 of 26 regions of Tanzania mainland between October 2015 and January 2020 (Fig. ).
Funding Information:
This analysis was conducted under the SAUTI Project, which received a grant from U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Grant number AID-AID-621-A-15-00003. The contents are the authors' responsibility and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, PEPFAR, or the United States Government. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for the co-authors at Jhpiego and the co-author from USAID, who approved the submitted manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
Funding
This analysis used secondary data from a cross-sectional study nested within a large-scale community-based HIV prevention program, called the Sauti Project [, , ], funded by the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief/U.S. Agency for International Development, to reach vulnerable and high-risk populations in Tanzania. Jhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University, implemented the Sauti Project with its partners EngenderHealth, Inc.; Pact, Inc.; and the National Institute for Medical Research. The project delivered services in 14 of 26 regions of Tanzania mainland between October 2015 and January 2020 (Fig. ). This analysis was conducted under the SAUTI Project, which received a grant from U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Grant number AID-AID-621-A-15-00003. The contents are the authors' responsibility and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, PEPFAR, or the United States Government. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for the co-authors at Jhpiego and the co-author from USAID, who approved the submitted manuscript.
Keywords
- Male client of female sex workers
- Men living in areas with high risk of HIV
- Men who have sex with men
- Sexually transmitted infections
- Tanzania
