Abstract
Functional brain networks require dynamic reconfiguration to support flexible cognitive function. However, the developmental principles shaping brain network dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we report the longitudinal development of large-scale brain network dynamics during childhood and adolescence, and its connection with gene expression profiles. Using a multilayer network model, we show the temporally varying modular architecture of child brain networks, with higher network switching primarily in the association cortex and lower switching in the primary regions. This topographical profile exhibits progressive maturation, which manifests as reduced modular dynamics, particularly in the transmodal (e.g., default-mode and frontoparietal) and sensorimotor regions. These developmental refinements mediate age-related enhancements of global network segregation and are linked with the expression profiles of genes associated with the enrichment of ion transport and nucleobase-containing compound transport. These results highlight a progressive stabilization of brain dynamics, which expand our understanding of the neural mechanisms that underlie cognitive development.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1024-1039 |
Number of pages | 16 |
Journal | Cerebral Cortex |
Volume | 32 |
Issue number | 5 |
Early online date | 10 Aug 2021 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Mar 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:T.L., X.L., S.T., Q.D., and Y.H. designed the research; W.M., Y.W., M.H.,G.Z., B.D., S.P., M.C., S.T., J.G., S.Q., S.T., and Q.D. collected the data; T.L. and X.L. performed the research; X.C., T.Z., Y.X., M.X., Y.X., X.S., Y.W., and Q.W. provided technical assistance; and T.L., X.L., T.Z., J.Z., and Y.H. wrote the paper.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].
Funding
T.L., X.L., S.T., Q.D., and Y.H. designed the research; W.M., Y.W., M.H.,G.Z., B.D., S.P., M.C., S.T., J.G., S.Q., S.T., and Q.D. collected the data; T.L. and X.L. performed the research; X.C., T.Z., Y.X., M.X., Y.X., X.S., Y.W., and Q.W. provided technical assistance; and T.L., X.L., T.Z., J.Z., and Y.H. wrote the paper.
Keywords
- brain development
- connectomics
- gene expression
- resting-state fMRI