Progressive Stabilization of Brain Network Dynamics during Childhood and Adolescence

Tianyuan Lei, Xuhong Liao*, Xiaodan Chen, Tengda Zhao, Yuehua Xu, Mingrui Xia, Jiaying Zhang, Yunman Xia, Xiaochen Sun, Yongbin Wei, Weiwei Men, Yanpei Wang, Mingming Hu, Gai Zhao, Bin Du, Siya Peng, Menglu Chen, Qian Wu, Shuping Tan, Jia Hong GaoShaozheng Qin, Sha Tao, Qi Dong, Yong He

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to JournalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Functional brain networks require dynamic reconfiguration to support flexible cognitive function. However, the developmental principles shaping brain network dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we report the longitudinal development of large-scale brain network dynamics during childhood and adolescence, and its connection with gene expression profiles. Using a multilayer network model, we show the temporally varying modular architecture of child brain networks, with higher network switching primarily in the association cortex and lower switching in the primary regions. This topographical profile exhibits progressive maturation, which manifests as reduced modular dynamics, particularly in the transmodal (e.g., default-mode and frontoparietal) and sensorimotor regions. These developmental refinements mediate age-related enhancements of global network segregation and are linked with the expression profiles of genes associated with the enrichment of ion transport and nucleobase-containing compound transport. These results highlight a progressive stabilization of brain dynamics, which expand our understanding of the neural mechanisms that underlie cognitive development.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1024-1039
Number of pages16
JournalCerebral Cortex
Volume32
Issue number5
Early online date10 Aug 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
T.L., X.L., S.T., Q.D., and Y.H. designed the research; W.M., Y.W., M.H.,G.Z., B.D., S.P., M.C., S.T., J.G., S.Q., S.T., and Q.D. collected the data; T.L. and X.L. performed the research; X.C., T.Z., Y.X., M.X., Y.X., X.S., Y.W., and Q.W. provided technical assistance; and T.L., X.L., T.Z., J.Z., and Y.H. wrote the paper.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

Funding

T.L., X.L., S.T., Q.D., and Y.H. designed the research; W.M., Y.W., M.H.,G.Z., B.D., S.P., M.C., S.T., J.G., S.Q., S.T., and Q.D. collected the data; T.L. and X.L. performed the research; X.C., T.Z., Y.X., M.X., Y.X., X.S., Y.W., and Q.W. provided technical assistance; and T.L., X.L., T.Z., J.Z., and Y.H. wrote the paper.

Keywords

  • brain development
  • connectomics
  • gene expression
  • resting-state fMRI

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