TY - GEN
T1 - Recognising and explaining bidding strategies in negotiation support systems
AU - Koeman, Vincent J.
AU - Gratch, Jonathan
AU - Hindriks, Koen V.
AU - Jonker, Catholijn M.
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - To improve a negotiator's ability to recognise bidding strategies, we pro-actively provide explanations that are based on the opponent's bids and the negotiator's guesses about the opponent's strategy. We introduce an aberration detection mechanism for recognising strategies and the notion of an explanation matrix. The aberration detection mechanism identifies when a bid falls outside the range of expected behaviour for a specific strategy. The explanation matrix is used to decide when to provide what explanations. We evaluated our work experimentally in a task in which participants are asked to identify their opponent's strategy in the environment of a negotiation support system, namely the Pocket Negotiator (PN). We implemented our explanation mechanism in the PN and experimented with different explanation matrices. As the number of correct guesses increases with explanations, indirectly, these experiments show the effectiveness of our aberration detection mechanism. Our experiments with over 100 participants show that suggesting consistent strategies is more effective than explaining why observed behaviour is inconsistent.
AB - To improve a negotiator's ability to recognise bidding strategies, we pro-actively provide explanations that are based on the opponent's bids and the negotiator's guesses about the opponent's strategy. We introduce an aberration detection mechanism for recognising strategies and the notion of an explanation matrix. The aberration detection mechanism identifies when a bid falls outside the range of expected behaviour for a specific strategy. The explanation matrix is used to decide when to provide what explanations. We evaluated our work experimentally in a task in which participants are asked to identify their opponent's strategy in the environment of a negotiation support system, namely the Pocket Negotiator (PN). We implemented our explanation mechanism in the PN and experimented with different explanation matrices. As the number of correct guesses increases with explanations, indirectly, these experiments show the effectiveness of our aberration detection mechanism. Our experiments with over 100 participants show that suggesting consistent strategies is more effective than explaining why observed behaviour is inconsistent.
KW - Aberration detection
KW - Bidding strategies
KW - Explanation matrix
KW - Negotiation support system
KW - Strategy recognition
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85077059238&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85077059238&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85077059238
T3 - Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS
SP - 2063
EP - 2065
BT - 18th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS 2019
PB - International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (IFAAMAS)
T2 - 18th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS 2019
Y2 - 13 May 2019 through 17 May 2019
ER -