Reduced Barrier for Ion Migration in Mixed-Halide Perovskites

Lucie McGovern; Gianluca Grimaldi; Moritz H. Futscher; Eline M. Hutter; Loreta A. Muscarella; Moritz C. Schmidt; Bruno Ehrler

doi:10.1021/acsaem.1c03095

Reduced Barrier for Ion Migration in Mixed-Halide Perovskites

Lucie McGovern, Gianluca Grimaldi, Moritz H. Futscher, Eline M. Hutter, Loreta A. Muscarella, Moritz C. Schmidt, Bruno Ehrler

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Halide alloying in metal halide perovskites is a useful tool for optoelectronic applications requiring a specific bandgap. However, mixed-halide perovskites show ion migration in the perovskite layer, leading to phase segregation and reducing the long-term stability of the devices. Here, we study the ion migration process in methylammonium-based mixed-halide perovskites with varying ratios of bromide to iodide. We find that the mixed-halide perovskites show two separate halide migration processes, in contrast to pure-phase perovskites, which show only a unique halide migration component. Compared to pure-halide perovskites, these processes have lower activation energies, facilitating ion migration in mixed versus pure-phase perovskites, and have a higher density of mobile ions. Under illumination, we find that the concentration of mobile halide ions is further increased and notice the emergence of a migration process involving methylammonium cations. Quantifying the ion migration processes in mixed-halide perovskites shines light on the key parameters allowing the design of bandgap-tunable perovskite solar cells with long-term stability.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	13431-13437
Number of pages	7
Journal	ACS Applied Energy Materials
Volume	4
Issue number	12
Early online date	9 Dec 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.1c03095
Publication status	Published - 27 Dec 2021
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This work is part of the Dutch Research Council (NWO) and was performed at the research institute AMOLF. The work of L.M. and L.A.M. was supported by NWO Vidi Grant 016.Vidi.179.005. The work of G.G. was supported by the EPSRC International Centre to Centre grant EP/S030638/1. The work of M.H.F. was supported by NWO Project 15PR3202. The work of E.M.H. was supported by NWO. The work of M.C.S. was supported by the European Research Council (ERC), Grant agreement 947221. The authors thank Dr Sven Askes and Dr Christian Dieleman for carefully reading and commenting on the manuscript.

Funders	Funder number
European Research Council
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme	947221
EPSRC International Centre to Centre	15PR3202
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council	EP/S030638/1
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek	016

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title = "Reduced Barrier for Ion Migration in Mixed-Halide Perovskites",

abstract = "Halide alloying in metal halide perovskites is a useful tool for optoelectronic applications requiring a specific bandgap. However, mixed-halide perovskites show ion migration in the perovskite layer, leading to phase segregation and reducing the long-term stability of the devices. Here, we study the ion migration process in methylammonium-based mixed-halide perovskites with varying ratios of bromide to iodide. We find that the mixed-halide perovskites show two separate halide migration processes, in contrast to pure-phase perovskites, which show only a unique halide migration component. Compared to pure-halide perovskites, these processes have lower activation energies, facilitating ion migration in mixed versus pure-phase perovskites, and have a higher density of mobile ions. Under illumination, we find that the concentration of mobile halide ions is further increased and notice the emergence of a migration process involving methylammonium cations. Quantifying the ion migration processes in mixed-halide perovskites shines light on the key parameters allowing the design of bandgap-tunable perovskite solar cells with long-term stability.",

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AU - McGovern, Lucie

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AU - Hutter, Eline M.

AU - Muscarella, Loreta A.

AU - Schmidt, Moritz C.

AU - Ehrler, Bruno

PY - 2021/12/27

Y1 - 2021/12/27

N2 - Halide alloying in metal halide perovskites is a useful tool for optoelectronic applications requiring a specific bandgap. However, mixed-halide perovskites show ion migration in the perovskite layer, leading to phase segregation and reducing the long-term stability of the devices. Here, we study the ion migration process in methylammonium-based mixed-halide perovskites with varying ratios of bromide to iodide. We find that the mixed-halide perovskites show two separate halide migration processes, in contrast to pure-phase perovskites, which show only a unique halide migration component. Compared to pure-halide perovskites, these processes have lower activation energies, facilitating ion migration in mixed versus pure-phase perovskites, and have a higher density of mobile ions. Under illumination, we find that the concentration of mobile halide ions is further increased and notice the emergence of a migration process involving methylammonium cations. Quantifying the ion migration processes in mixed-halide perovskites shines light on the key parameters allowing the design of bandgap-tunable perovskite solar cells with long-term stability.

AB - Halide alloying in metal halide perovskites is a useful tool for optoelectronic applications requiring a specific bandgap. However, mixed-halide perovskites show ion migration in the perovskite layer, leading to phase segregation and reducing the long-term stability of the devices. Here, we study the ion migration process in methylammonium-based mixed-halide perovskites with varying ratios of bromide to iodide. We find that the mixed-halide perovskites show two separate halide migration processes, in contrast to pure-phase perovskites, which show only a unique halide migration component. Compared to pure-halide perovskites, these processes have lower activation energies, facilitating ion migration in mixed versus pure-phase perovskites, and have a higher density of mobile ions. Under illumination, we find that the concentration of mobile halide ions is further increased and notice the emergence of a migration process involving methylammonium cations. Quantifying the ion migration processes in mixed-halide perovskites shines light on the key parameters allowing the design of bandgap-tunable perovskite solar cells with long-term stability.

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Reduced Barrier for Ion Migration in Mixed-Halide Perovskites

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