Space as a Tool for Astrobiology: Review and Recommendations for Experimentations in Earth Orbit and Beyond

H. Cottin, J.M. Kotler, D. Billi, C. Cockell, R. Demets, P. Ehrenfreund, A. Elsaesser, L. d’Hendecourt, J.J.W.A. van Loon, Z. Martins, S. Onofri, R.C. Quinn, E. Rabbow, P. Rettberg, A.J. Ricco, K. Slenzka, R. de la Torre, J.-P. de Vera, F. Westall, N. CarrascoA. Fresneau, Y. Kawaguchi, Y. Kebukawa, D. Nguyen, O. Poch, K. Saiagh, F. Stalport, A. Yamagishi, H. Yano, B.A. Klamm

Research output: Contribution to JournalReview articleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

The space environment is regularly used for experiments addressing astrobiology research goals. The specific conditions prevailing in Earth orbit and beyond, notably the radiative environment (photons and energetic particles) and the possibility to conduct long-duration measurements, have been the main motivations for developing experimental concepts to expose chemical or biological samples to outer space, or to use the reentry of a spacecraft on Earth to simulate the fall of a meteorite. This paper represents an overview of past and current research in astrobiology conducted in Earth orbit and beyond, with a special focus on ESA missions such as Biopan, STONE (on Russian FOTON capsules) and EXPOSE facilities (outside the International Space Station). The future of exposure platforms is discussed, notably how they can be improved for better science return, and how to incorporate the use of small satellites such as those built in cubesat format.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)83-181
Number of pages99
JournalSpace Science Reviews
Volume209
Issue number1-4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jul 2017

Funding

This work has been supported by ESA, through a Topical Team grant from 2011 to 2016. We are grateful to Oliver Angerer, Jason Hatton, René Demets from ESA for their help and support. UPEC and LISA provided important administrative help (Mireille Paul, Sabrina Hammache, Valérie Simard, Charlotte Laurent, Nicolas Vautrin). Hervé Cottin acknowledges support from CNES and Labex ESEP (N° 2011-LABX-030). Kafila Saiagh acknowledges support from DIM ACAV (region Ile de France). Zita Martins is funded by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (grant UF080820 and grant UF130324). Pascale Ehrenfreund and Richard Quinn acknowledge support from the NASA Astrobiology Institute. Jean-Pierre de Vera acknowledges the Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft for financial support through the Helmholtz-Alliance Planetary Evolution and Life. Daniela Billi and Silvano Onofri acknowledge Italian Space Agency (ASI) for financial support of the projects BIOMEX-Cyano, BOSS-Cyano, BIOMEX-MCF and E-GEM. Nathalie Carrasco acknowledges the financial support of the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant PRIMCHEM, grant agreement n°636829). Hirofumi Hashimoto, Shin-ichi Yokobori, Eiichi Imai, Issay Narumi and the Tanpopo team are also warmly thanked. The two anonymous reviewers of this paper are warmly thanked for their detailed and constructive comments. Open Access for this paper has been funded by CNES.

FundersFunder number
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme607297, 636829
European Space Agency

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