Spatio-temporal dynamics of urban ecosystem services supply-demand (mis)matches

The importance of local ecosystem services for residents’ wellbeing is increasingly recognized. However, few studies address the balance between ecosystem service supply and demand at the local level at which they are consumed because it is difficult to accurately quantify both aspects comparably with high resolution. The main objective of this paper is to propose a way to quantify the spatio-temporal dynamics in the supply-demand mismatches of two local ecosystem services. Considering different types of ecosystem services, we selected one regulation service, temperature regulation, and one cultural service, recreation (no provisioning services due to the fact they are barely supplied by urban green spaces). Both are necessary services for people’s physical and mental welfare and spatial overlap between supply and demand is required to ensure the local consumption. Furthermore, their supply mostly relies on urban green spaces which decreased in urban areas and may become less due to the potential occupation by new houses. To accomplish our goal, we quantified both supply and demand of temperature regulation service and recreational service in the case study area Amsterdam in the year 2000 and 2015.