Synthesis of biologically relevant molecules

Complex polycyclic molecular scaffolds containing multiple stereocenters, as found in many natural products, present particularly appealing targets for synthetic chemists. In addition to the academic challenge of selectively constructing these intricate frameworks, many such compounds display valuable bioactivities, making them important starting points for drug discovery. As in many aspects of contemporary organic synthesis, catalysis plays a key role in many MBFTs toward biologically relevant molecules (BRMs). Recently developed catalytic methodologies allow novel types of C-C bond formations and/or unprecedented control over the stereochemical outcome of the reaction. This chapter focuses on MBFTs based on recent developments in organocatalysis and transition metal catalysis, as well as multicomponent chemistry. It also aims to demonstrate the scope and synthetic potential of the above-mentioned classes of MBFTs in the synthesis of BRMs, with illustrative examples ranging from natural products to complex pharmaceuticals.