The Italian version of the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale: cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity in patients with chronic low back pain

Marco Monticone; Luca Frigau; Francesco Mola; Barbara Rocca; Franco Franchignoni; Salvatore Simone Vullo; Calogero Foti; Alessandro Chiarotto

doi:10.1007/s00586-019-06153-4

The Italian version of the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale: cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity in patients with chronic low back pain

Marco Monticone^*, Luca Frigau, Francesco Mola, Barbara Rocca, Franco Franchignoni, Salvatore Simone Vullo, Calogero Foti, Alessandro Chiarotto

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Background and aim: Growing attention is being given to physical functioning measures to assess interventions for low back pain (LBP). The Quebec Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (QBPDS) has never been validated in Italian patients, and the aim of the study was culturally adapting and validating the Italian version of the QBPDS (QBPDS-I), to allow its use with Italian-speaking patients with chronic LBP.

Methods: The QBPDS-I was developed by means of forward–backward translation, a final review by an expert committee and a test of the prefinal version to evaluate its comprehensibility. The psychometric testing included structural validity by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), reliability by internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC 2.1), measurement error by calculating the minimum detectable change (MDC), construct validity by assessing hypotheses of QBPDS correlations with the Roland Morris Disability Scale (RMDQ), the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODI) and a pain numerical rating scale (NRS) (Spearman’s correlations).

Results: It took one month to develop a consensus-based version of the QBPDS-I. The questionnaire was administered to 201 subjects with chronic LBP and was well accepted. EFA suggested a one-factor 20-item solution (first factor variance explained = 54.7%). Internal consistency (α = 0.95) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.90) were excellent. The MDC was 12 scale points. Construct validity was good as all of the hypotheses were met; correlations: RMDQ (r = 0.40), ODI (r = 0.48) and NRS (r = 0.44).

Conclusions: The QBPDS-I is unidimensional, reliable and valid in patients with chronic LBP. Its use is recommended for clinical and research purposes. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	530-539
Number of pages	10
Journal	European Spine Journal
Volume	29
Issue number	3
Early online date	26 Sept 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-019-06153-4
Publication status	Published - Mar 2020

Funding

The authors would like to thank all of the subjects who got involved into the study. The research activities of Frigau Luca described in this paper have been conducted within the R&D Project Cagliari2020, partially funded by the Italian University and Research Ministry (Grant No. MIUR PON04a2 00381).

Funders	Funder number
Italian University and Research Ministry	MIUR PON04a2 00381

Keywords

Chronic low back pain
Cross-cultural adaptation
Reliability
Sensitivity to change
Validity

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10.1007/s00586-019-06153-4

The Italian version of the Quebec Back Pain Disability ScaleFinal published version, 704 KBLicence: Article 25fa Dutch Copyright Act

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@article{f893605643f345c289f00b6eb3f2f24d,

title = "The Italian version of the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale: cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity in patients with chronic low back pain",

abstract = "Background and aim: Growing attention is being given to physical functioning measures to assess interventions for low back pain (LBP). The Quebec Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (QBPDS) has never been validated in Italian patients, and the aim of the study was culturally adapting and validating the Italian version of the QBPDS (QBPDS-I), to allow its use with Italian-speaking patients with chronic LBP. Methods: The QBPDS-I was developed by means of forward–backward translation, a final review by an expert committee and a test of the prefinal version to evaluate its comprehensibility. The psychometric testing included structural validity by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), reliability by internal consistency (Cronbach{\textquoteright}s alpha) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC 2.1), measurement error by calculating the minimum detectable change (MDC), construct validity by assessing hypotheses of QBPDS correlations with the Roland Morris Disability Scale (RMDQ), the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODI) and a pain numerical rating scale (NRS) (Spearman{\textquoteright}s correlations). Results: It took one month to develop a consensus-based version of the QBPDS-I. The questionnaire was administered to 201 subjects with chronic LBP and was well accepted. EFA suggested a one-factor 20-item solution (first factor variance explained = 54.7%). Internal consistency (α = 0.95) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.90) were excellent. The MDC was 12 scale points. Construct validity was good as all of the hypotheses were met; correlations: RMDQ (r = 0.40), ODI (r = 0.48) and NRS (r = 0.44). Conclusions: The QBPDS-I is unidimensional, reliable and valid in patients with chronic LBP. Its use is recommended for clinical and research purposes. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]",

keywords = "Chronic low back pain, Cross-cultural adaptation, Reliability, Sensitivity to change, Validity",

author = "Marco Monticone and Luca Frigau and Francesco Mola and Barbara Rocca and Franco Franchignoni and {Simone Vullo}, Salvatore and Calogero Foti and Alessandro Chiarotto",

year = "2020",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1007/s00586-019-06153-4",

language = "English",

volume = "29",

pages = "530--539",

journal = "European Spine Journal",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - The Italian version of the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale: cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity in patients with chronic low back pain

AU - Monticone, Marco

AU - Frigau, Luca

AU - Mola, Francesco

AU - Rocca, Barbara

AU - Franchignoni, Franco

AU - Simone Vullo, Salvatore

AU - Foti, Calogero

AU - Chiarotto, Alessandro

PY - 2020/3

Y1 - 2020/3

N2 - Background and aim: Growing attention is being given to physical functioning measures to assess interventions for low back pain (LBP). The Quebec Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (QBPDS) has never been validated in Italian patients, and the aim of the study was culturally adapting and validating the Italian version of the QBPDS (QBPDS-I), to allow its use with Italian-speaking patients with chronic LBP. Methods: The QBPDS-I was developed by means of forward–backward translation, a final review by an expert committee and a test of the prefinal version to evaluate its comprehensibility. The psychometric testing included structural validity by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), reliability by internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC 2.1), measurement error by calculating the minimum detectable change (MDC), construct validity by assessing hypotheses of QBPDS correlations with the Roland Morris Disability Scale (RMDQ), the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODI) and a pain numerical rating scale (NRS) (Spearman’s correlations). Results: It took one month to develop a consensus-based version of the QBPDS-I. The questionnaire was administered to 201 subjects with chronic LBP and was well accepted. EFA suggested a one-factor 20-item solution (first factor variance explained = 54.7%). Internal consistency (α = 0.95) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.90) were excellent. The MDC was 12 scale points. Construct validity was good as all of the hypotheses were met; correlations: RMDQ (r = 0.40), ODI (r = 0.48) and NRS (r = 0.44). Conclusions: The QBPDS-I is unidimensional, reliable and valid in patients with chronic LBP. Its use is recommended for clinical and research purposes. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

AB - Background and aim: Growing attention is being given to physical functioning measures to assess interventions for low back pain (LBP). The Quebec Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (QBPDS) has never been validated in Italian patients, and the aim of the study was culturally adapting and validating the Italian version of the QBPDS (QBPDS-I), to allow its use with Italian-speaking patients with chronic LBP. Methods: The QBPDS-I was developed by means of forward–backward translation, a final review by an expert committee and a test of the prefinal version to evaluate its comprehensibility. The psychometric testing included structural validity by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), reliability by internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC 2.1), measurement error by calculating the minimum detectable change (MDC), construct validity by assessing hypotheses of QBPDS correlations with the Roland Morris Disability Scale (RMDQ), the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODI) and a pain numerical rating scale (NRS) (Spearman’s correlations). Results: It took one month to develop a consensus-based version of the QBPDS-I. The questionnaire was administered to 201 subjects with chronic LBP and was well accepted. EFA suggested a one-factor 20-item solution (first factor variance explained = 54.7%). Internal consistency (α = 0.95) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.90) were excellent. The MDC was 12 scale points. Construct validity was good as all of the hypotheses were met; correlations: RMDQ (r = 0.40), ODI (r = 0.48) and NRS (r = 0.44). Conclusions: The QBPDS-I is unidimensional, reliable and valid in patients with chronic LBP. Its use is recommended for clinical and research purposes. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

KW - Chronic low back pain

KW - Cross-cultural adaptation

KW - Reliability

KW - Sensitivity to change

KW - Validity

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The Italian version of the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale: cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity in patients with chronic low back pain

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