TY - JOUR
T1 - The spatial presence experience scale (SPES): A short self-report measure for diverse media settings
AU - Hartmann, T.
AU - Wirth, W.
AU - Schramm, H.
AU - Klimmt, C.
AU - Vorderer, P.A.
AU - Gysbers, A.
AU - Böcking, S.
AU - Ravaja, N.
AU - Laari, J.
AU - Saari, T.
AU - Gouveia, F.R.
AU - Sacau, A.
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - The study of spatial presence is currently receiving increased attention in both media psychology and communication research. The present paper introduces the Spatial Presence Experience Scale (SPES), a short eight-item self-report measure. The SPES is derived from a process model of spatial presence (Wirth et al., 2007, Media Psychology, 9, 493-525), and assesses spatial presence as a two-dimensional construct that comprises a user's self-location and perceived possible actions in a media environment. The SPES is shorter than many other available spatial presence scales, and can be conveniently applied to diverse media settings. Two studies are reported (N
AB - The study of spatial presence is currently receiving increased attention in both media psychology and communication research. The present paper introduces the Spatial Presence Experience Scale (SPES), a short eight-item self-report measure. The SPES is derived from a process model of spatial presence (Wirth et al., 2007, Media Psychology, 9, 493-525), and assesses spatial presence as a two-dimensional construct that comprises a user's self-location and perceived possible actions in a media environment. The SPES is shorter than many other available spatial presence scales, and can be conveniently applied to diverse media settings. Two studies are reported (N
U2 - 10.1027/1864-1105/a000137
DO - 10.1027/1864-1105/a000137
M3 - Article
VL - 28
SP - 1
EP - 15
JO - Journal of Media Psychology
JF - Journal of Media Psychology
SN - 1864-1105
ER -