THE USE OF DENTAL PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES (dPROs) IN PREDICTION MODELING STUDIES IN ORAL HEALTH: A Methodological Review

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Dental patient-reported outcomes (dPROs) are critical indicators of shared decision-making in oral healthcare. This study aimed to assess the frequency of use of dPROs and dPRO-related factors being used as predictors or predicted outcomes in clinical prediction models (CPMs) in oral health, and to identify variables associated with the use of dPROs and/or dPRO-related factors in CPMs.

METHODS: A PubMed search was conducted on 17th May, 2024, to identify eligible studies. The studies which aimed to develop CPMs in oral health using traditional statistical techniques (e.g. logistic or Cox regression) and were published from 2018 onwards were included. The dPROs and dPRO-related factors used as potential predictors, final predictors, and predicted outcomes in the CPMs were extracted and summarized. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between various variables and the use of dPROs and dPRO-related factors.

RESULTS: A total of 144 studies were included, of which 88.2% were retrospective studies and 73.6% were on oral oncology. dPROs and/or dPRO-related factors were used as potential predictors, final predictors, and predicted outcomes in 28 (19.4%), 21 (14.6%), and 7 (4.9%) studies, respectively. The most frequently used dPRO as both potential and final predictors was self-reported orofacial pain, while the most frequently used dPRO-related factor was self-reported toothbrushing. The most frequently used dPRO as a predicted outcome was self-reported xerostomia, while no studies used dPRO-related factors as outcomes. The study topic was statistically significantly associated with the use of dPROs and/or dPRO-related factors (Odds Ratio [OR]: 9.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.36 29.67; P < .01).

CONCLUSIONS: dPROs and dPRO-related factors were infrequently used as predictors or predicted outcomes in prediction modeling studies in oral health. Studies in dental fields other than oral oncology, such as cariology and periodontology, were more likely to use dPROs and/or dPRO-related factors compared to those in oral oncology.

Original languageEnglish
Article number102057
Pages (from-to)102057
JournalThe Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice
Volume25
Issue number1S
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2025

Bibliographical note

Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords

  • Patient Reported Outcome Measures
  • Humans
  • Oral Health
  • Decision Making, Shared

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