Time-restricted feeding during the inactive phase abolishes the daily rhythm in mitochondrial respiration in rat skeletal muscle

Paul de Goede, Rob C I Wüst, Bauke V Schomakers, Simone Denis, Frédéric M Vaz, Mia L Pras-Raves, Michel van Weeghel, Chun-Xia Yi, Andries Kalsbeek, Riekelt H Houtkooper

Research output: Contribution to JournalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Shift-workers show an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A possible mechanism is the disruption of the circadian timing of glucose homeostasis. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function is modulated by the molecular clock. We used time-restricted feeding (TRF) during the inactive phase to investigate how mistimed feeding affects muscle mitochondrial metabolism. Rats on an ad libitum (AL) diet were compared to those that could eat only during the light (inactive) or dark (active) phase. Mitochondrial respiration, metabolic gene expressions, and metabolite concentrations were determined in the soleus muscle. Rats on AL feeding or dark-fed TRF showed a clear daily rhythm in muscle mitochondrial respiration. This rhythm in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity was abolished in light-fed TRF animals and overall 24h respiration was lower. The expression of several genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and the fission/fusion machinery was altered in light-fed animals. Metabolomics analysis indicated that light-fed animals had lost rhythmic levels of α-ketoglutarate and citric acid. Contrastingly, lipidomics showed that light-fed animals abundantly gained rhythmicity in levels of triglycerides. Furthermore, while the RER shifted entirely with the food intake in the light-fed animals, many measured metabolic parameters (e.g., activity and mitochondrial respiration) did not strictly align with the shifted timing of food intake, resulting in a mismatch between expected metabolic supply/demand (as dictated by the circadian timing system and light/dark-cycle) and the actual metabolic supply/demand (as dictated by the timing of food intake). These data suggest that shift-work impairs mitochondrial metabolism and causes metabolic inflexibility, which can predispose to T2DM.

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere22133
Pages (from-to)1-17
Number of pages17
JournalFASEB Journal
Volume36
Issue number2
Early online date15 Jan 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2022

Bibliographical note

© 2022 The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

Funding

P. de Goede was funded by a ZonMW TOP grant (#91214047) ad libitum

FundersFunder number
ZonMw91214047

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