Toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of Cu oxide nanoparticles in Daphnia magna

Joyce Ribeiro Santos-Rasera; Analder Sant'Anna Neto; Regina Teresa Rosim Monteiro; Cornelis A.M. Van Gestel; Hudson Wallace Pereira De Carvalho

doi:10.1039/c9en00280d

Toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of Cu oxide nanoparticles in Daphnia magna

Joyce Ribeiro Santos-Rasera, Analder Sant'Anna Neto, Regina Teresa Rosim Monteiro, Cornelis A.M. Van Gestel, Hudson Wallace Pereira De Carvalho^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

This study investigated the toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) and CuSO₄ in Daphnia magna. We performed acute and chronic assays, and analyzed the organisms by μ-XRF and μ-XANES. In acute assays 25 nm nCuO (LC₅₀ 0.05 ± 0.011 mg Cu per L) and CuSO₄ (LC₅₀ 0.16 ± 0.015 mg Cu per L) were most toxic, while 40 nm and 80 nm nCuO had similar toxicity (LC₅₀ 2.34 ± 0.479 and 2.26 ± 0.246 mg Cu per L, respectively). In chronic assays, CuSO₄ (EC₅₀ 1.7 × 10^-4 ± 1.0 × 10^-4 mg Cu per L) was most toxic followed by 25 nm nCuO (EC₅₀ 1.8 × 10^-3 ± 8.0 × 10^-4 mg Cu per L), while 40 and 80 nm nCuO were least toxic (EC₅₀ 2.10 ± 0.669 and 1.95 ± 0.568 mg Cu per L, respectively). μ-XRF showed that Cu was accumulated in the intestine and appendages of the daphnids. μ-XANES showed that 25 nm nCuO and CuSO₄ were biotransformed into Cu₃(PO₄)₂ (acute assays), whereas 40 and 80 nm nCuO remained as CuO (chronic assays). The higher toxicity exhibited by CuSO₄ and 25 nm nCuO can be explained from their higher chemical reactivity (probed by catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂ and μ-XANES) compared to 40 and 80 nm nCuO.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2897-2906
Number of pages	10
Journal	Environmental Science. Nano
Volume	6
Issue number	9
Early online date	5 Aug 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/c9en00280d
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2019

Funding

The authors are grateful to the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory for beam time under proposal 20160793, Dr. C. Perez and Dr. D. Galante are kindly acknowledged for assistance during the μ-XANES measurements. We thank the Masters student R. G. Lima for carrying out the H2O2 decomposition assays. We also thank Prof. L. F. Fraceto (UNESP) for the DLS and zeta potential, and Prof. C. R. Montes (USP) for XRD measurements, respectively. This work was funded by FAPESP Young Researcher Awards 2015/05942-0 and Multiuser equipment Grant 2015-19121-8. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001.

Funders	Funder number
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo	2015/05942-0, 2015-19121-8
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

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Toxicity bioaccumulation and biotransformation of Cu oxide nanoparticles in Daphnia magnaFinal published version, 3.37 MBLicence: Article 25fa Dutch Copyright Act

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title = "Toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of Cu oxide nanoparticles in Daphnia magna",

abstract = "This study investigated the toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) and CuSO4 in Daphnia magna. We performed acute and chronic assays, and analyzed the organisms by μ-XRF and μ-XANES. In acute assays 25 nm nCuO (LC50 0.05 ± 0.011 mg Cu per L) and CuSO4 (LC50 0.16 ± 0.015 mg Cu per L) were most toxic, while 40 nm and 80 nm nCuO had similar toxicity (LC50 2.34 ± 0.479 and 2.26 ± 0.246 mg Cu per L, respectively). In chronic assays, CuSO4 (EC50 1.7 × 10-4 ± 1.0 × 10-4 mg Cu per L) was most toxic followed by 25 nm nCuO (EC50 1.8 × 10-3 ± 8.0 × 10-4 mg Cu per L), while 40 and 80 nm nCuO were least toxic (EC50 2.10 ± 0.669 and 1.95 ± 0.568 mg Cu per L, respectively). μ-XRF showed that Cu was accumulated in the intestine and appendages of the daphnids. μ-XANES showed that 25 nm nCuO and CuSO4 were biotransformed into Cu3(PO4)2 (acute assays), whereas 40 and 80 nm nCuO remained as CuO (chronic assays). The higher toxicity exhibited by CuSO4 and 25 nm nCuO can be explained from their higher chemical reactivity (probed by catalytic decomposition of H2O2 and μ-XANES) compared to 40 and 80 nm nCuO.",

author = "Santos-Rasera, {Joyce Ribeiro} and {Sant'Anna Neto}, Analder and {Rosim Monteiro}, {Regina Teresa} and {Van Gestel}, {Cornelis A.M.} and {Pereira De Carvalho}, {Hudson Wallace}",

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AU - Santos-Rasera, Joyce Ribeiro

AU - Sant'Anna Neto, Analder

AU - Rosim Monteiro, Regina Teresa

AU - Van Gestel, Cornelis A.M.

AU - Pereira De Carvalho, Hudson Wallace

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N2 - This study investigated the toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) and CuSO4 in Daphnia magna. We performed acute and chronic assays, and analyzed the organisms by μ-XRF and μ-XANES. In acute assays 25 nm nCuO (LC50 0.05 ± 0.011 mg Cu per L) and CuSO4 (LC50 0.16 ± 0.015 mg Cu per L) were most toxic, while 40 nm and 80 nm nCuO had similar toxicity (LC50 2.34 ± 0.479 and 2.26 ± 0.246 mg Cu per L, respectively). In chronic assays, CuSO4 (EC50 1.7 × 10-4 ± 1.0 × 10-4 mg Cu per L) was most toxic followed by 25 nm nCuO (EC50 1.8 × 10-3 ± 8.0 × 10-4 mg Cu per L), while 40 and 80 nm nCuO were least toxic (EC50 2.10 ± 0.669 and 1.95 ± 0.568 mg Cu per L, respectively). μ-XRF showed that Cu was accumulated in the intestine and appendages of the daphnids. μ-XANES showed that 25 nm nCuO and CuSO4 were biotransformed into Cu3(PO4)2 (acute assays), whereas 40 and 80 nm nCuO remained as CuO (chronic assays). The higher toxicity exhibited by CuSO4 and 25 nm nCuO can be explained from their higher chemical reactivity (probed by catalytic decomposition of H2O2 and μ-XANES) compared to 40 and 80 nm nCuO.

AB - This study investigated the toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) and CuSO4 in Daphnia magna. We performed acute and chronic assays, and analyzed the organisms by μ-XRF and μ-XANES. In acute assays 25 nm nCuO (LC50 0.05 ± 0.011 mg Cu per L) and CuSO4 (LC50 0.16 ± 0.015 mg Cu per L) were most toxic, while 40 nm and 80 nm nCuO had similar toxicity (LC50 2.34 ± 0.479 and 2.26 ± 0.246 mg Cu per L, respectively). In chronic assays, CuSO4 (EC50 1.7 × 10-4 ± 1.0 × 10-4 mg Cu per L) was most toxic followed by 25 nm nCuO (EC50 1.8 × 10-3 ± 8.0 × 10-4 mg Cu per L), while 40 and 80 nm nCuO were least toxic (EC50 2.10 ± 0.669 and 1.95 ± 0.568 mg Cu per L, respectively). μ-XRF showed that Cu was accumulated in the intestine and appendages of the daphnids. μ-XANES showed that 25 nm nCuO and CuSO4 were biotransformed into Cu3(PO4)2 (acute assays), whereas 40 and 80 nm nCuO remained as CuO (chronic assays). The higher toxicity exhibited by CuSO4 and 25 nm nCuO can be explained from their higher chemical reactivity (probed by catalytic decomposition of H2O2 and μ-XANES) compared to 40 and 80 nm nCuO.

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Toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of Cu oxide nanoparticles in Daphnia magna

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