Abstract
People vary in the degree to which they experience disgust toward—and, consequently, avoid—cues to pathogens. Prodigious work has measured this variation and observed that it relates to, among other things, personality, psychopathological tendencies, and moral and political sentiments. Less work has sought to generate hypotheses aimed at explaining why this variation exists in the first place, and even less work has evaluated how well data support these hypotheses. In this paper, we present and review the evidence supporting three such proposals. First, researchers have suggested that variability reflects a general tendency to experience anxiety or emotional distress. Second, researchers have suggested that variability arises from parental modelling, with offspring calibrating their pathogen avoidance based on their parents’ reactions to pathogen cues. Third, researchers have suggested that individuals calibrate their disgust sensitivity to the parasite stress of the ecology in which they develop. We conclude that none of these hypotheses is supported by existing data, and we propose directions for future research aimed at better understanding this variation. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Evolution of pathogen and parasite avoidance behaviours’.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 20170204 |
Journal | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences |
Volume | 373 |
Issue number | 1751 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2018 |
Funding
Funding. This manuscript was supported by funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. StG-2015 680002-HBIS.
Funders | Funder number |
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Horizon 2020 Framework Programme | 680002 |
H2020 European Research Council | |
Horizon 2020 | StG-2015 680002-HBIS |